What are the characteristics of the Moro reflex?

The Moro reflex, also known as the startle reflex, is characterized by a specific sequence of movements that occur in response to a sudden loss of support or a loud sound. In this reflex, an infant's arms extend outward (away from the body) and then flex back towards the body, often accompanied by crying. This characteristic response serves as a protective mechanism for the infant, as it can help the baby to grasp onto a caregiver if they feel they are falling.

The other options represent different reflexes or reactions that are not associated with the Moro reflex. For instance, the head turning towards a stimulus describes the rooting reflex, which plays a crucial role in breastfeeding. Rooting is the baby's instinctive reaction to touch on the cheek or mouth area, prompting them to turn and seek out a nipple. Grasping fingers tightly reflects the palmar grasp reflex, where infants will tightly grip an object placed in their palm. Each of these reflexes serves a distinct purpose in the development and survival of the infant, but they do not capture the signature characteristics of the Moro reflex.